IPN Mock Exam Area 1 Higher Level 2024

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The investment is $3 and the percentage applied to this capital is 500% per year. To calculate the profit in the 000.00 years, first multiply the annual percentage by the capital (without reinvesting the profit each year).

3 × 500 = 000.00
This annual profit is multiplied by the 5 years of investment:
73 × 500.00 = 5

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The large hand (seconds hand) moves in 15-second intervals, while the small hand (minute hand) moves in 20-minute intervals. Therefore, the following four markings are:

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In this sequence, the first digit increases in pairs and the last 3 digits rotate
of position, since the last one is the first (before the even number) and the rest is moved towards the
end:

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Using Cramer's rule to solve a system of linear equations, the determinant of the coefficient matrix is ​​calculated and this divides the unknown matrices:

While:

Therefore, the only solution is:

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Two functions are equal if their coefficients are equal term for term:

Equalizing

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The terms with variables in common are identified to carry out the first factorization. Of the
first and last term, we factor  as shown: 

For the last two terms, factorize remaining:

Finally, factoring the common term in the parentheses

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Apply the 4 laws of exponents: Apply property of exponents: Rationalize the exponent and rationalize the denominator:Apply laws of exponents:

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Taking the inverse:

Multiplying the equation by 4:

The value of

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For this reagent, you are asked to relate the concept with its corresponding example.

1 C. Factoring is expressing in factors:

2D. The law of signs indicates that only in the multiplication and division of two equal signs, the result is positive and in the multiplication or division of two different signs, the result is negative:

3B. Simplifying the fraction is dividing the numerator and denominator by the same number:

4A. Simplifying the equation is dividing the left side and the right side of the equation by the same number.

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Replace the quotient identity:

Add rational numbers:

Divide rational numbers:

Factor and apply partial fractions:

Substitute quotient identity and reciprocal identity:

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According to the properties of quadrilaterals, the sum of the interior angles is 360° as shown below:

In the inner triangle

Entonces

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1D. The power is multiplying the base by itself as many times as the exponent indicates.

2A. Logarithm is the exponent to which the base is raised to obtain the power.

3B. Reciprocal is exchanging numerator for denominator.

4C. Radication is calculating the number that, multiplied by itself, as many times as the index of the root indicates, results in the radical.

It is right.

Due to its silver production, mining was the main economic activity of New Spain.

It is right.

The so-called general commands were regional political units, organized with a military criterion, which operated in areas of social conflict and difficult administration.

It is right.

The College of Mining promoted geological and engineering studies whose success was evident in an unprecedented increase in New Spain's mining production.

It is right.

During the Colony in New Spain, the instruction of arts, crafts and science was in charge of the Catholic Church: while the indigenous people were taught trades, the Creoles were offered higher education.

It is right.

The principle of popular sovereignty represents a liberal idea with which the Creoles, the main promoters of the Independence movement of New Spain, identified.

It is right.

In the Bajío there were cereal, livestock and silver mineral processing farms that were affected by the application of the Royal Certificate of Consolidation of vouchers, harming the newly enriched Creoles.

It is right.

The government gradually achieved control by guaranteeing powerful groups the preservation of their privileges above legal provisions.

It is right.

Important social demands were reflected in the Constitution of 1917, and it was also a great achievement for Venustiano Carranza. For their part, the red battalions served to combat Zapatismo and thus consolidate their power.

It is right.

During the government of Luis Echeverría, he fought for the participation of the State so that it had priority in economic development. He also proposed that it was necessary to make a social and economic development pact between the State and the popular sectors.

It is right.

The Free Trade Agreement was a trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that entered into force on January 1, 1994. The objective was to facilitate the exchange of goods and services between the three nations.

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The flow of energy through ecosystems is the most important factor in their organization. Of the solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface, a very small fraction is derived to living systems. Even when the light falls in the area where vegetation is abundant such as in a jungle, cornfield, or marsh, only approximately 1 to 3% of health (calculated on an annual basis) is used in photosynthesis. Even so, a fraction as small as this can result in the production - from carbon dioxide, water and a few other minerals - of several thousand grams (by dry weight) of organic matter per year in a single square meter. field or forest, a total of approximately 120.000.000.000 organic matter per year worldwide.

The planet receives light and heat from the main source of its energy. Light is captured by photosynthetic organisms (generally algae and plants) and chemically converted (with other elements of nature) into heat and nutrients, these are incorporated into the food chain where they share the energy with each part of the link until it is exhausted. in the last participant.
In all cases, the individuals that form the chain die and rejoin the substrate to restart the photosynthesis process.
In the case of energy (sunlight) that is not captured by the photosynthetic process, it will be reflected to the outside of the planet and the heat absorbed by the soil.

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Parasitism is a type of biological association between organisms of different species in which one of them (the parasite) benefits from this relationship and lives at the expense of the other (host), generally causing harm. Through this type of relationship, the parasite expands its survival capacity by using other species to cover its basic and vital needs, which do not necessarily have to be nutritional issues.
An endoparasite is a parasite that lives inside its host. There are many diseases that are caused by endoparasites, including malaria and leishmaniasis.
Some endoparasites (have a complex life cycle and require several types of hosts. They affect plants (endophytes) or animals (endozoans), they are classified as intracellular: those that live part of their life cycle inside the cell, and extracellular: they parasitize. outside the cell

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Specifically, one of the characteristics of a terrestrial ecosystem is that matter and energy must function in cycles. When matter is not transformed to restart its cycle, balance is lost, therefore, the accumulation of waste is an alteration to the terrestrial ecosystem and can be considered not to be part of it, but rather an alteration of it.

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Commensalism: type of relationship in which an organism called a commensal benefits from its relationship with another organism that neither benefits nor harms.

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Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the development of several follicles within each ovary.
Small follicle cells surrounding the oocyte secrete a small amount of estrogen.
The maturing follicle secretes large and increasing amounts of estrogen.
The increase in luteinizing hormone causes ovulation.
The corpus luteum secretes both estrogen and progesterone which further stimulate the growth of the endometrium.
If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum begins to disintegrate around twelve days after ovulation.
Without the corpus luteum, estrogen and progesterone levels drop to a minimum and most of the endometrium of the uterus disintegrates.

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Genotype: The class of which one is a member based on the state of an organism's internal hereditary factors, its genes and by extension its genome. It is the genetic content of an organism.

Phenotype: The class of which one is a member based on the physical qualities observable in an organism including its morphology, physiology and behavior at all levels of description. The observable properties of an organism.

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The evidence of evolution revealed by molecular biology is even more concise. The degree of similarity reflects the proximity of the common ancestor, which allows us to reconstruct the phylogeny of these organisms. The chemical bases of DNA that interact with each other are like a stepladder where the handrails are the two strands wound around each other. The junction between the base pairs corresponds to the rung of the ladder. Each strand is formed by the alternation of a sugar (deoxyribose) and a phosphate group. In each sugar, one of the four nitrogenous bases is anchored: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) or thymine (T). The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, that is, adenine with thymine, and cytosine with guanine.

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According to Mendel's first law, the F1 that is generated from pure breeds (BBxbb) all its offspring will have a heterozygous genotype (Bb). If these are crossed with each other to obtain the F2, their offspring according to Mendel's second Law will be in the proportion 3:1, therefore, the genotype of the parents is Bb for both.

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An organelle or organelle is a subcellular structure that carries out one or more specific jobs in the cell, just as an organ does in the body. Among the most important cellular organelles are the nuclei, which store genetic information; mitochondria, which produce chemical energy, and ribosomes, which assemble proteins.

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Chemical compounds called metal oxides are the result of the binary combination of a metallic element with oxygen.

For example:

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In the chemical equation the Cu of the:
a) Reagents
In the CuO molecule, called copper (II) oxide, copper has an oxidation number (2+).
b) Products
The oxidation number of uncombined elements is zero.

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In the data N represents normality and V represents volume.
Formula: 𝑁𝐴 ∗ 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑁𝐵 ∗ 𝑉𝐵
Clearing volume: VA

Bibliography:

• https://es.slideshare.net/jammycerrogrande/estequiometria-ii
• https://tucursodeingenieria.blogspot.com/2020/05/dilucion-de-las-solucionesconcentradas.html

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Formality (F) has the following units of concentration:

Molarity (M) has the following concentration units:

Molarity (m) has the following concentration units:

Normality (N) has the following concentration units:

Source:
Jardón SG (2000) General chemistry course for chemical engineering students.
ESIQIE/IPN. Mexico.pp.7-8.

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The oxidation numbers of each element are presented below:

Bibliography:
https://www.quimitube.com/teoria-redox/normas-determinacion-numero-oxidacion/

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By developing the Lewis structure, we can observe that:

The free electrons (that are not bound) are 4.
Bibliography:

• http://elfisicoloco.blogspot.com/2012/11/estructuras-de-lewis.html
• https://brainly.lat/tarea/809786#:~:text=Los%20%C3%A1tomos%20libres%20constan%20d
  e,el%20los%20orbitales%20del%20%C3%A1tomo.

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The octet rule states that the tendency of ions of elements is to complete their last energy levels with a quantity of 8 electrons. When elaborating the Lewis structures of the compounds we have:

So we can see that the only central element that obeys the octet rule is ammonia.
Bibliography:
https://clickmica.fundaciondescubre.es/conoce/descubrimientos/la-regla delocteto/#:~:text=Lewis%20postul%C3%B3%20en%201916%20la,una%20cantidad%20de%2%0electrones.&text=As%C3%AD%2C%20ambos%20%C3%A1tomos%20se%20encontrar%C3%A1ne % 20su%20%C3%BAltima%20capa%20energ%C3%A9tica

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Nonpolar covalent bonding occurs between atoms of the same nonmetallic element with electronegativity equal to zero.
Bibliography:
http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/representaciones/enopolar.html#:~:text=El%20enlace%20covalente
%20no%20polar,%C3%A1tomos%20diferentes%2C%20es%20el%20metano.

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Taking the following criteria of organic compounds:
A single link gives the suffix -ano ―
A double bond gives the suffix -eno =
A triple bond gives the suffix -ino ≡
The compound contains the prefix but- which means 4 carbons, the ending -ene tells us that there is a double bond on the second carbon.
And finally, 1-bromo indicates that Br is bonded to the first carbon.

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When relating the communes it is as follows:

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Mol: Amount of a substance that contains Avogadro's number.
Atom: Smallest unit that constitutes matter.
Matter: Everything that occupies a certain place in the universe.
Molecule: Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds

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To solve the problem, the following formula is used:

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The oxidation number for each element is indicated in the compound respectively.

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Homogeneous mixtures of liquids are known as solutions and are made up of a solute and a solvent, where the first is found in a smaller proportion and the second is usually the liquid. For example, in water mixed with mineral salts or sugar, the water is the solvent and the sugar is the solute.

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The electronic configuration, based on the atomic number, gives the number of electrons that will fill the orbitals with the following sequence:

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Type of substance Formula

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pH is defined as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions.

Source:
Jardón SG (2000) General chemistry course for chemical engineering students.
ESIQIE/IPN. Mexico.pp.206.

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According to the data:

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When doing dimensional analysis, the permeability It has the units:

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The specific heat of aluminum is 0.212 cal/g ºC.
The formula to determine the amount of heat of a body is:

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Solar energy is generated from the light emitted by the sun and intercepted by the Earth's surface. One of its most important applications is the use of it through photovoltaic cells used to generate electricity.
Wind energy is energy obtained from the force of the wind thanks to the kinetic energy generated by air currents. The most common of its applications is taking advantage of the movement of air through blades.
Hydraulic energy is that produced by the flow of water generated in dams and transformed into energy with turbines that drive an electrical generator in hydroelectric plants.
Geothermal energy is obtained by taking advantage of the heat from the interior of the earth that reaches the earth's crust through steam, which is used to move electric turbines in geothermoelectric power plants.

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Evaporation is a physical process that consists of the change from the liquid state of an element to the gaseous state after having acquired enough energy to overcome surface tension.

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The correct formulas are:

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To calculate the energy consumption in joules it is necessary

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Acceleration is the variation in speed per unit of time and in the SI it is expressed in m/s2.
Speed ​​is the distance and time in which an object travels and is expressed in m/s.
Imposed is the variation of momentum and is expressed in kg.m/s
Force is the magnitude that modifies the momentum and is expressed in m.kg/s2

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According to the law of universal gravitation, we have

Where F=the magnitude of the gravitational force, m1 = mass of person 1, m2 = mass of the
person 2, r= distance between the two people and G = is the universal constant.

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When an object slides along a rough surface, the force of friction acts in the opposite direction to the speed of the object.

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Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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If the mass and acceleration of the car are known, Newton's second law applies () to determine the force.

The mass of the car is given in the problem, but it is necessary to calculate the acceleration a. Since the acceleration is constant, kinematic equations can be used.

The motion is along the x-axis and the initial velocity is given the final speed v=0 and the distance traveled  . From the constant acceleration equation, we have

In such a way that

So the average net force is

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According to Newton's second Law we have that 𝐹=𝑚 𝑎, where:

m= 1.0 kg

a= 0.12 m/s2

F= (1.0 kg)(0.12 m/s2)

F= 0.12N

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The unit of force is N (newton).
The unit of volume is m3.
The unit of speed is m/s.
The unit of acceleration is m/s2.

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Using the free fall equations to find the time:

The time is equal to:

For the speed, the following equation is used

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Speed ​​refers to the distance an object travels in a time interval regardless of direction.

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The correct answer is part c) since the journal reference data in APA are: Surname, A. (2019). Specific article title. Title of the Magazine, Volume (number of the magazine), start page number – end page number. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/xx.xxxxxxxxxx

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The correct answer is part c) since only in the introduction of a research work is a panoramic view of the work presented.

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The correct answer is part d) because primary sources contain new and original information derived from intellectual work such as books, scientific journals and newspapers.

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The bibliographic record, as its name indicates, is one that is used to collect the identification data of books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, manuals or any material (printed or digital) that constitutes a “book” or compendium of theoretical information.
For its part, the newspaper record is one that brings together the essential data to identify the information obtained from newspapers, magazines, brochures, pamphlets and any other type of document whose publication is periodic, that is, which is carried out regularly (daily, weekly , monthly, bimonthly, etc.).
Cyberographic files add basic information for the location of websites such as blogs, social networks and others that do not constitute periodic publications such as digital magazines, in which case we speak of digital newspapers.
Finally, the iconographic tokens record the identification data from paintings, sculptures, buildings or architectural works whose value is merely artistic and visual.

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The criteria to adequately pose a research problem are 3: Express a relationship between 2 or more concepts or variables, be formulated as a question, clearly and without ambiguity, and imply the possibility of an empirical test, that is, the feasibility of being observed in the “single and objective reality.”

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The objectives of a research project must be written starting with infinitive verbs, be clear and concise, propose achievable actions, and focus on achievements and not on processes or activities. Therefore, the correct answer is part d).

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The correct answer is part a) because the theoretical value is the contribution of the research to other areas of knowledge, the transcendental importance or the results that could be applicable to other phenomena.

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A mechanism of textual cohesion (property that texts have to link the different words, sentences and paragraphs that make them up) is the use of discursive connectors. In the exercise, part c) is the correct answer, since the connector “that is” is one that denotes explanation and what the two ideas linked by it communicate do not constitute any type of explanation.

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A mechanism of textual cohesion (property that texts have to link the different words, sentences and paragraphs that make them up) is the use of discursive connectors. In the exercise, the reading of the first period and the second suggest that these are opposed ("I took the exam" - positive action-; "I am restless" - negative action-), so they require an adversative connector (mas) to acquire coherence. The next period shows the expression of an opinion about one's own performance, so the appropriate connector to start this is “In my opinion.”
Finally, the following period presents the sum of two elements (“the context of the application”; “my own performance”), making it necessary to use an additive connector to link them (“and”).

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A mechanism of textual cohesion (property that texts have to link the different words, sentences and paragraphs that make them up) is the use of discursive connectors. In the exercise, the first period constitutes the antecedent of an explanation that needs to be clarified or shown, so an exemplary connector (“For example”) is the most suitable to connect the following period that indicates a type of causal relationship (Amelia discusses because, because of). Finally, the last segment represents a contrast to the previous ones since, “although Amelia always argues, it is fun to hang out with her.” This is indicated through an adversative connector (“However”).

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The logical sequence in a text can be observed in the coherence and cohesion mechanisms that it uses to link the ideas that make up it. These mechanisms can be orthographic (they are based on the correct use of punctuation), or syntactic-semantic, such as the use of reference, synthesis, ellipsis, the use of connectors, paraphrase, synonymy, etc.

The correct sequence of ideas in the text presents the following features:
• Location of the topic or idea in a chronological context (3). The idea concludes with two points, which indicates that the description of said “important stage” will be presented.
• Spelling signal that indicates that the idea is a complement to another (starts with lowercase letters). The discursive marker at the beginning (“the beginning”) reveals its relationship with the first idea whose type is also chronological and refers to a “stage” (1).
• The third idea is linked to the previous ones through a reference mechanism based on the chronological connector “then”, which could be replaced by: “at that time”, to refer to the mechanisms used in the manipulation of genetic material (5).
• The fourth idea is subordinate to the previous one since it explains or develops the content of the expression “procedures”. She closes with a comma, which means that she is unfinished (6).
• The fifth idea begins with an exemplary connector, which is usually enclosed in commas if it is found within a sentence or paragraph. On the other hand, the content of the explanation corresponds thematically with the content of idea four (2).
• The fifth idea uses a referential mechanism based on the use of the pronoun “that” which alludes to the “procedure” described in ideas four and five of the text (4).

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Textual cohesion is the union that a text has internally, that is, between the words, sentences and ideas of a piece of writing to ensure its coherence and easy understanding. One way to maintain textual cohesion is to avoid repetition of the same word as much as possible.

In the previous text we can see the repetition of many words, therefore, it does not have cohesion.

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The correct answer is part b).
The gerund is the impersonal form of a verb and is characterized by having the constant endings -ando, -endo. In general, the gerund within a sentence fulfills the function of adverbs (word that modifies the verb, adjective to another adverb) and expresses an action simultaneous or prior to that of the main verb, but never later.
The use is incorrect because the gerund passing is fulfilling the function of an adjective (word that modifies the noun) since it is modifying the noun increment. The gerund never modifies nouns.

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The correct answer is part a) because the other options present errors in the agreement between the subject and the predicate, that is, they contain solecisms. A solecism is an error of agreement (gender or number), of regime (misuse of prepositions) and of composition (misuse of pronouns) in the structure of the sentence.

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The correct answer is part b).
Amphibology is a language vice in which the phrases or words used give rise to more than one meaning or interpretation.
The text on the image gives rise to the interpretation that the soap is shaped like a hippo, but also that the soap is for children who are shaped like a hippo.

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Amphibology is a language vice in which the phrases or words used give rise to more than one meaning or interpretation, therefore, the correct answer is part d), since it is not clear who had a bad time, whether the dog or the boyfriend.

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The correct answer is part b) because it is the only one that expresses only a single meaning of interpretation. All other subsections leave room for further interpretation. For example, in a) it is not known if Pedro is a dwarf or if the dwarf belongs to Pedro. On the other hand, in c) it is not clear what he will lend and in d) the delicious food could be from the cinema or the restaurant.

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Capital letters are used to distinguish proper names (nouns that particularize a being) from common names. In the previous case, the proper names are those of the festivities and those of the ages or periods, while the positions are common. Prepositions or articles are prepositions and articles and not names, therefore, they are written with lowercase letters. So, the correct answer is part a).

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Part c) is the correct answer, since we remember that one purpose of using punctuation marks is to organize the speech so that it is easy to read and effectively expresses what you want to convey. In the sentence Gel pens of many colors, almost all dry out over time, the use of the comma makes it more difficult than helping to understand the message. One way to correct the original form of the sentence is to add one more comma: Gel pens of many colors, almost all of them, dry out over time. Thus, the text is much more understandable.

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According to the RAE:

Because it is a masculine noun that is equivalent to cause, reason, reason, and is written with an accent because it is an acute word ending in a vowel, since it is a noun.

Because it is an unstressed conjunction, which is why it is written without an accent. It can be used with two values:

1. As a causal conjunction to introduce subordinate clauses that express cause, in which case it can be replaced by phrases of equally causal value such as since or since.

2. It is also used to answer questions introduced by the why sequence.

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Expository texts are those that explain and transmit information objectively with clear and objective language so that the reader understands and assimilates a topic.

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The theme of a text can be conceptualized with a phrase capable of expressing the general issue, that is, it is a very brief exposition of the main idea.

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In segment [3] the text shows that low-income countries have very few vehicles, therefore, the majority of those killed in traffic accidents are pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists, since they represent the majority in these countries.

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Segment [6] of the text indicates that 50% of those killed in traffic accidents are pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists; Therefore, the remaining 50% are motor vehicle drivers.

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The definition of age is that they are the same age and that of contemporary is that they live in the same time as another person or in the time in which an event that is mentioned occurs.

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The text indicates that 3 out of every 4 deaths from traffic accidents correspond to people of the male sex, that is, they represent 75%. The annual total of deaths is 1 million, that is, 24%. Then, the 100% of deaths that correspond to the male sex must be obtained in numerical representation. Thus: .75 x 75 million = 1.24 thousand people correspond to the masculine dry.

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The conclusion should always be consistent with the main idea and purpose of the text. In this case, the main idea of ​​the text is “The chemical processes that take place when making this cake”; So, the conclusion is “Knowing the processes during the baking of a chocolate cake makes it easier to understand the reason for each ingredient.”

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It is being questioned about the opposite meaning of the word inflate, said word is to weigh down since the definition of weigh down is “to make a dough less spongy or more compact than required.”

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Expository texts are those that explain and transmit information objectively with clear and objective language so that the reader understands and assimilates a topic.

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The text says “gluten is composed of two proteins, glutenin and gliadin, which, when mixed with water, create strong and elastic filaments of gluten in the dough, which become stronger and stronger the more the dough is mixed. , therefore they directly affect the final texture.” In other words, when you mix the dough it stops being spongy and becomes strong and elastic, which is not the ideal texture for a cake.

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Descriptive texts are those that indicate what what is described is like so that it can be imagined as closely as possible to reality, that is, to be able to mentally recreate what is described.

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The main idea summarizes the content of the paragraph in a short statement and if it is omitted, the paragraph loses all its meaning. The main idea expresses the essential feature of the text and a series of secondary ideas complement it as shown in the image:

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The text seeks to transmit information unknown to the reader in an objective manner, that is, to inform.
If the purpose of the text were to narrate, a succession of events that happen to characters would be presented; If it were to describe, a series of characteristics would be observed about the object described so that it is imagined as close to reality by the person who reads it; and finally, if the goal were to argue, there would be a series of well-founded reasons to influence the reader.

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A title is the name assigned to something specific in order to identify the information to which it refers depending on the field to which it is directed. The titles not only fulfill the purpose of naming, but also of attracting the reader's attention, since it is generally the first thing that is read. In this case, since it is a popular science text, the author not only seeks to transmit information, but also seeks to do so in a pleasant way. That is why the title is playful and contains a play on words.

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The hairy ball theorem only corresponds to three-dimensional spheres and the figure in image b) is not.

EXPLANATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWER

The introduction is where the context of the text is located and may contain a summary of what will be explained or developed in the body of the text, that is, it is where the reader becomes familiar with the topic; The development is where the topics anticipated in the introduction are presented, and the conclusion is the final part of the work in which a brief summary of the main points addressed in the work is made, the results are presented and the most important findings are highlighted. .

EXPLANATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWER

The author, more than telling a story, seeks to show a playful facet of literature, where the important thing is not what she tells but how she tells it and in this case, she does so through word play.

EXPLANATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWER

According to the text, the narrator says that she believes that the cat is black due to the adverse reaction of some of the people who imagine they see it passing by, so it is inferred that due to the superstition that black cats bring evil. Luckily, people get scared.

EXPLANATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWER

The approach is the presentation of the context that precedes the central action of the story (characters, space and time). It is the initial situation that refers to everything that can be included in the word “before.”

EXPLANATION OF THE CORRECT ANSWER

The climax in narrative texts is the point of greatest intensity because the tension within the work is stronger, that is, it is the highest point emotionally speaking. In this text, emotions reach their peak when the neighbor is worried about his cat.